But it can also spread to other parts of the body, including the spinal cord, brain, and heart. Military TB causes general active TB symptoms in addition to other symptoms, depending on the body parts involved. For example, if your bone marrow is affected, you may have a low red blood cell count or a rash. Genitourinary TB is the second most common type of extrapulmonary TB.
It can affect any part of the genitals or urinary tract, but the kidneys are the most common sites. It usually spreads to the area from the lungs through the blood or lymph nodes. Genitourinary TB can be spread through intercourse, though this is rare. People with this type of TB often develop a tuberculous ulcer on the penis or in the genital tract. Liver TB is also called hepatic TB.
It occurs when TB affects the liver. It accounts for less than 1 percent of all TB infections. Liver TB can spread to the liver from the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, lymph nodes, or the portal vein. Gastrointestinal TB is a TB infection that involves any part of the gastrointestinal tract, which extends from the mouth to the anus.
Also known as meningeal tuberculosis , TB meningitis spreads to the meninges, which are the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. TB can spread to the meninges from the lungs or through the bloodstream.
Unlike other types of meningitis that develop quickly, TB meningitis usually develops gradually. TB peritonitis is TB that causes inflammation of the peritoneum, which is a layer of tissue that covers the inside of your abdomen and most of its organs. It affects 3. Ascites and fever are the most common symptoms of TB peritonitis. Ascites is a buildup of fluid in the abdomen that causes abdominal swelling, bloating, and tenderness.
TB pericarditis occurs when TB spreads to the pericardium. This consists of two thin layers of tissue separated by fluid that surround the heart and hold it in place.
It can present as different types of pericarditis, including constrictive pericarditis , pericardial effusion, or effusive-constrictive pericarditis. Chest pain or pressure, especially when accompanied by shortness of breath or nausea, is a sign of a heart attack. They are infected with M. The only sign of TB infection is a positive reaction to the tuberculin skin test or TB blood test.
Persons with latent TB infection are not infectious and cannot spread TB infection to others. About half of those people who develop TB will do so within the first two years of infection.
For persons whose immune systems are weak, especially those with HIV infection, the risk of developing TB disease is considerably higher than for persons with normal immune systems. In some people, TB bacteria overcome the defenses of the immune system and begin to multiply, resulting in the progression from latent TB infection to TB disease.
Some people develop TB disease soon after infection, while others develop TB disease later when their immune system becomes weak. Persons with TB disease are considered infectious and may spread TB bacteria to others.
When a person has been exposed to someone with TB disease and has breathed in the TB germs, that person may become infected with TB. In most cases, people with healthy immune systems can contain the infection at that point and not become ill with TB disease.
A person with TB infection only positive TB skin test but normal chest x-ray is not sick and is not contagious to others. TB medicine can help kill the bacteria and prevent the development of TB disease in the future. However, if a person with TB infection does not take preventive medicine, the bacteria may grow and cause active TB disease. TB symptoms may include a constant cough that lasts two or more weeks, chest pain, weakness, and loss of appetite.
TB is a highly contagious bacterial infection that can quickly spread if not caught, isolated, and treated early. Tuberculosis is an airborne disease, and can be caught by breathing in the air that an infected person has contaminated through:. TB germs must be forced into the air, and to get a tuberculosis infection you must breathe in those germs. But even if you've been around an infected person, or breathed in the bacteria they expelled into the air, you still have a chance at escaping TB — not everyone who breathes in the bacteria will develop tuberculosis.
If you can get tuberculosis infection by breathing in the air where someone spoke, it should be pretty easy to catch the illness by just touching someone who has TB, right?
Actually, no. You can't get TB by touching an infected person.
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